The+Civil+War

The Civil War [Chapter 14]
**Top Causes of the Civil War**
 * Economic/Social Differences**
 * **South** - cotton, **North** - industries
 * **South** - plantation life **North** - city life
 * The North had more advantages and money than the South
 * Slavery/Non-Slavery**
 * Louisiana Purchase - states admitted to union .. free/slave?
 * Missouri Compromise - prohibited slave states, overrode Purchase
 * Using popular sovereignty to determine state's slavery status
 * Compromise of 1850 created by Henry Clay, proposed 5 rules/laws to maintain slavery issue
 * "Bleeding Kansas" - Numerous battles between anti-slavery/pro-slavery. Senate Charles Sumner beat by Preston Brooks
 * Growth of Abolitionist Movement**
 * Key abolitionists such as Frederick Douglass
 * Harriet Beecher Stowe's //Uncle Tom's Cabin//
 * Dred Scott's Case
 * John Brown's Raid
 * Passage of Fugitive Slave Act
 * Election of Abraham Lincoln**
 * Elected in 1860
 * Southerners believed Lincoln was anti-slavery and favored the North's interests
 * Before Lincoln became president 6 states seceded from the Union

Mobilization

 * North**
 * Government financing - giving/borrowing loans
 * Treasury Bonds (similar to IOU's)
 * Attempt to expand and attain land
 * South**
 * National Revenue System - Most of the South's money tied into slaves/land, smaller banks created
 * Government requested funds from state governments who often issued questionable bonds
 * Conscription Act - enlistment numbers decreased way to increase amount of soldiers

Why were the North so victorious?

 * Higher population .. 61% --> 39%
 * Better workforces/armies
 * Population 4x as large
 * Better transportation system, railroads ..
 * Repeating weapons (pistoles, rifles, cannons

Quick Facts
  [] [] [|Brinkley, A. (2007) A Survey American History New York, NY: McGraw Hill Co]
 * 7,000 + Americans at Cold Harbor fell within 20 minutes
 * In 1862, Congress authorized first paper currency, "Greenbacks"
 * 2% of the population [more than 620,000 people] died
 * 3 million + men in the war
 * Battle of Vicksburg and Gettysburg - major turning points/union victories
 * Battle of Antietam - bloodiest single day war [6,000 soldiers died, 17,000 badly injured] but it was unions victory