Unit+Eight

John F. Kennedy Video

 * 35th president, Democratic [1961-1963]
 * 43 years old, Massachusetts
 * Hidden health problems
 * Wasn't always faithful to his wife
 * Secret Scheme [The Bay of Pigs]
 * Cuban Missile Crisis - Soviet Union placed bases for nuclear missiles
 * Close to Nuclear War
 * Berlin Wall being built in Germany
 * Watching Birmingham changed mood of Kennedy administration
 * Kennedy approved the assassination of South Vietnam's president
 * Assassination of JFK most tramatic since Pearl Harbor; alot of hope in his presidency
 * John F. Kennedy/Warren G. Harding - only two men elected President while holding seats in the U.S Senate. [Not true now .. Obama]
 * Peacecore - Volunteer for a 2 year contract and send around the world [debates over funding]

4 Major spending of U.S Government
1.Social Security 2.Medicare 3.Medicaid 4. Defense of military

Lyndon B. Johnson Video

 * 36th president, Democratic [1963-1969]
 * Term for JFK/Own
 * Poverty --> huge politician
 * Johnson treatment [In your face treatment]
 * Voting rides, medicaid, foodstamps, headstart, national public radio, consumer protection laws, civil rights act
 * Cutting half the poverty percentage
 * His administration changing role of government, expansion of liberial state
 * June 1965 warned Johnson, risked war if he mobilzed reserves
 * Trumans containment policy --> Johnson's war
 * Johnson decided not to run for another term. peace treaty failed with Vietnam

Map pg 839 Indo/China Southeast Asia
First war where troops were treated poorly from Americans
 * Narrow/Coastal
 * Borders China, Laos, Cambodia
 * Alot of Rivers, Vietnam very wet [i.e jungle, humidity]
 * Many U.S bases in South Vietnam
 * Thailand allie with U.S
 * Viet Communist used Ho Chi Minh Trial to supply fighters
 * U.S invaded Cambodia



Vietnam War Timeline

 * 1941 - Creation of Vietminh**
 * Political Party created by the nationalist party led by a communist, Ho Chi Minh. In 1945 he ruled the nationalist government in Vietnam when it became an independent nation.
 * 1941-1945 - American Intervention**
 * Americans invaded the Dominican Republic where Johnson had sent 30,000 American troops. Truman's administration realized France's ask for support by providing economic and military aid.
 * April-June 1954 - Geneva Conference**
 * Designed to put an end to the Vietnam conflict by ending all attacks in the war and propose a temporary border along the 17th parallel where Vietminh controlled the northern portion and a pro-western government would control the south.
 * 1959 - Viet Cong/National Liberation Front**
 * Two organizations formed to overthrow the Diem nationalist government.
 * 1963 - Overthrow of Diem**
 * Kennedy agreed with the South Vietnam military general's plan where Ngo Dinh Diem and his brother Ngo Dinh Nhu were assassinated.
 * 1964 - Gulf of Tonkins**
 * LBJ proposed Gulf of Tonkins Resolution because North Vietnamese torpedoes attacked Americans on patrol. LBJ wanted to take the necessary actions to prevent violence against the U.S
 * 1968 - Tet Offensive**
 * Communist forces of North Vietnam launched an attack on Tet which was the first day of Vietnamese New Year, while American soldiers were stationed in South Vietnam.
 * 1968 - Nixon's Victory**
 * In the 1968 Election between Nixon and Humphrey, Nixon won by a slight margin with the campaign Nixon campaigned with the motto, "Peace with Honor" which people thought it would symbolize honor/victory after the war.
 * 1971 - My Lai Massacre**
 * Lieutenant William Cally approved the murdering of over 300 South Vietnamese soldiers. He was later charged for the crime.
 * 1972 - Christmas Bombing**
 * Through December 17-30th, America led a surprise attack through North Vietnam
 * 1973 - End to the Vietnam War**
 * North and South Vietnam agreed to end the war and create peace but there were still tensions and fighting occurring after the signed agreement.[[image:http://warvietnam.org/Vietnam-War.jpg width="392" height="258"]][[image:http://www.boomerslife.org/anti-war_vietnam_war_protest_rally.jpg]]

Opinions
Selfless/Humanitarism - Helping people who deserve rights [Democracy, Freedom, Capitalism] The Vietnam War was the aftermath of the Cold War. It was between the Americans and North/South Vietnam. The main aspect of the Vietnam war was to stop the USSR to spread Communism even further than they did already. The Vietnam War had high casualities which showed how far Americans would go to fight off Communism. It happened because of interventions of other nations such as the French, before the political party Vietminh were created. The Vietminh was created by a Communist leader that continued the spread of Communism himself. Americans wanted to oppose and spread political, social and economic ideas into Vietnam. [i.e Democracy] Every single nation who favored Communism more showed a defeat for the Americans at the time. The goals of Americans wern't met, American's faced major casualities, Communism spread to South Vietnam, Saigon capitol was renamed Ho Chi Minh .. American troops were treated badly when they arrived home. Vietnam war veterans were often passed over for jobs, seen as killers, called names, ashamed Americans. American population ... anti-war protests, wanted Americans to come home from Vietnam because everything was a failure.
 * What is the essence of the war [1946-1973]**
 * 5 Presidents involvement [Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon]**
 * Cointainment [Domino Theory], Imperialism [World Power]**

Chapter 32: The Crisis of Authority
Students - Colleges and Universitites Male Dominence Family Roles Social Norms [How are you suppose to act..? Music, Sex, Drugs, Clothing, Style] Government Authority .. My Lai Massacre Vietnam - First Televised War, lasted long time Watergate Scandal - First president to ever resign

The New Left - Challenging poltiical/social ways .. questioning American values New group of young liberals, challenging traditions Left = Liberal Right = Conservative

Counterculture
Definition: People challenging everyday values and the social norms, behaviors
 * Hippies - Long hair, ragedy clothing
 * Carefree
 * Change of music
 * Questioning sex and drugs
 * Experimenting
 * Change in lifestyles

Women

 * Feminism** - Movement to promote social, economic, political and etc for women [Same rights as men, No sexual descrimination, Social Mobility]
 * Women's Liberation** - Women trying to gain equality throughout society [Freedom to chose and become independent agents, Free Will] Male Dominence at school .. home .. work .. etc
 * Roe vs. Wade** - Supreme court ruled abortion legal.

Reganomics
Decrease in taxes and government spending, which contributed to a national debt
 * A tax revolt caused many people attacking the government and gainning support/followers
 * Cut taxes to rivive economy because it would cause wealthy people to put less taxes, invest more.
 * Deregulation - less government intervention; more laisez fair economy; more deficit
 * Oldest president to ever be elected; 69 years old
 * Challenger space shuttle exploded during launch, 1986
 * Iran Contra Affair - funding anti communist
 * "Government is not solution to our problems, government is problem"
 * Berlin wall fell, Communists collasped.